17例异位ACTH综合征的前瞻性研究

Prospective Study of 17 Cases with Ectopic ACTH Syndrome

目的探讨未明确病因异位ACTH综合征的最佳诊治方法。方法分析我院近年来随访的17例异位ACTH综合征患者的临床特征、影像学检查、治疗方案等资料。结果所有患者临床上大多具有库欣综合征的典型表现;均有低血钾性碱中毒,血皮质醇明显升高且节律消失,尿皮质醇和血浆ACTH升高,大剂量地塞米松抑制试验绝大部分不被抑制;影像学检查主要依靠CT和(或)MRI,明确定位的患者手术切除肿瘤预后良好;未明确定位的9例患者中,3例行双侧肾上腺次全切除术后糖皮质激素替代治疗,2例行右侧肾上腺全切除术后肾上腺皮质激素抑制剂治疗,4例单纯肾上腺皮质激素抑制剂治疗,患者高皮质醇状态均得到一定控制。结论根治性切除异位肿瘤预后较好。对于未能早期发现的患者,双侧肾上腺次全切除、单侧肾上腺切除或药物治疗是控制临床高皮质醇水平的有效手段。

Objective To discuss the optimal clinical diagnosis and treatment of ectopic ACTH syndrome with occult tumors. Methods Clinical features, imaging examinations and treatment of 17 patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome were described and compared. Results All patients illustrated the typical clinical features of Cushing＇ s syndrome. They had hypokalemic alkalosis, elevated serum cortisol and plasma ACTH levels. In the high-dose dexamethasone suppression tests, most patients failed to suppress serum cortisol and 24-hour urinary cortisol. CT and MRI are useful imaging modalities to localize the ACTH-secreting tumor in patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome. The patients with overt ACTH-secreting tumors had surgical curative resection soon after diagnosis. Among patients with occult ACTH-secreting tumors, three underwent subtotal bilateral adrenalectomy, two underwent right adrenalectomy, four received inhibitor of steroidogenesis aminoglutethimide. Their hypercortisolism was controlled. Conclusion Surgical cm：ative resection is the optimal treatment of ectopic ACTH syndrome with overt ACTH-secreting tumor. Bilateral adrenalectomy, right adrenal ectomy or chemotherapy to control hypercortisolism is an available treatment of ectopic ACTH syndrome with occult ACTH-secreting tumors.