反义肽核酸的研究进展及应用

Progresses in antisense peptide nucleic acid and it's application

反义肽核酸是人工合成的DNA类似物,与核酸分子比较,具有较高的水溶性、稳定性和碱基特异性,容易被细胞吸收。反义肽核酸与DNA形成的三联体结构可阻断基因的转录和翻译,还可通过抑制DNA引物的延伸而抑制基因的复制过程。反义肽核酸作为第三代基因治疗制剂,已用于体外抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,以及细菌或病毒感染性疾病的治疗。另外,反义肽核酸还用于对免疫分子和细胞因子的研究,从而促进了器官移植和免疫学的发展。此外,作为一个有力的分子生物学工具,它还用于荧光原位杂交等技术,对于疾病的诊断、基因功能的研究有很重要的意义。

Antisense peptide nucleic acid （asPNA） is one of the synthetic DNA analogs with high solubility in water, high stability and binding specificity compared with nucleic acid molecule, which is easily absorbed by cells. Tne triplex formed by two asPNA molecules and one DNA molecule inhibit gene transcription and translation. It also inhibit gene replication through intervening the extension of DNA primer. As the third generation of gene therapy reagents, asPNA has been used to inhibit the growth of tumor cells and treat many kinds of infections diseases caused by bacteria and virus. Additionally, it has been applied in the research of immunal molecules and cytokines to promote the development of organ transplantation and immtmology. As a powerful molecular biological tool, it has been used in some techniques, such as fluorescence in situ. It is of great significance in the diagnosis of disease and the research of gene function.