生物材料和再生医学的进展

THIRD-GENERATION BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

目的综述生物材料和再生医学的研究与进展情况。方法广泛查阅近年有关生物材料及再生医学的文献,总结生物材料的发展历程,分析其发展方向。结果生物材料经历了从第一、二代到第三代的发展过程。再生医学是利用人类的自然治愈能力,使受到巨大创伤的机体组织或器官获得自己再生能力为目的的医学,主要包括干细胞与克隆技术、组织工程、组织器官代用品、异种器官移植。结论第三代生物材料具有生物活性和降解两种性能,在植入体内后可促进机体的再生能力,从而达到治疗效果。组织工程学提出了复制“组织”、“器官”的思想,为再生医学的崛起开辟了道路。

Objective To summarize the developmental process of biomedical materials and regenerative medicine. Methods After reviewing and analyzing the literature concerned, we put forward the developmental direction of biomedical materials and regenerative medicine in the future. Results Biomedical materials developed from the first- and second-generations to the third-generation in the 1990s. Regenerative medicine was able to help the injured tissues and organs to be regenerated by the use of the capability of healing themselves. This kind of medicine included the technologies of the stem cells and the cloning, the tissue engineering, the substitute tissues and organs, xenotransplantation and so on. Conclusion The third-generation biomaterials possess the following two properties： degradation and bioactivity; and they can help the body heal itself once implanted. Regenerative medicine is a rapidly advancing field that opens a new and exciting opportunity for completely revolutionary therapeutic modalities and technologies.