骨舌鱼超目的系统发育关系(英文)

PHYLOGENY OF OSTEOGLOSSOMORPHA

通过对中国化石骨舌鱼类及骨舌鱼类现生主要类群的比较研究,用 PAUP 软件对31个分类单元的65个特征进行了分析,得到了16个最简约的分支图(步长为206,一致性指数为 0．4320,保留指数为0．7194)。严格合意树显示,中国早白垩世的骨舌鱼类(酒泉鱼、狼鳍鱼、固阳鱼、吉南鱼、同心鱼、西夏鱼、昆都仑鱼和华夏鱼)主要为骨舌鱼超目中不同等级的干群；与一般的观点不同,始舌齿鱼与蛟河鱼组成了姊妹群关系；骨舌鱼目由 Thaumaturus、弓背鱼亚目和骨舌鱼亚目组成；弓背鱼类与象鼻鱼类关系更近；Ostariostoma 为弓背鱼科的姊妹群；副狼鳍鱼与[骨舌鱼亚科+犁齿鱼亚科]组成了姊妹群,该姊妹群关系的建立,将骨舌鱼科的历史延伸到了早白垩世。

Based on extensive morphological studies of the Chinese fossil osteoglossomorphs as well as the representatives of the major lineages of living osteoglossomorphs, I present the result of a cladistic analysis of 65 characters in 31 taxa, conducted using PAUP software （ version 4.0bl0 ）. Strict consensus tree of 16 equally parsimonious trees （tree length of 206 steps, consistency index of 0. 4320, retention index of 0. 7194） shows that the Chinese Early Cretaceous osteoglossomorphs （Jiuquanichthys, Lycoptera, Kuyangichthys, Jinanichthys, Tongxinichthys, Xixiaichthys, Kuntulunia and Huashia ） are mostly stem-groups of the superorder at different levels; Eohiodon and Jiaohichthys are interpreted as sister group rather than generally accepted Eohiodon and Hiodon; Osteoglossiformes consists of Thaumaturus, Notopteroidei and Osteoglossoidei ; Notopterids are more closely related to mormyrids than to osteoglossids; Ostariostoma is the sister group to Notopteridae; Osteoglossoidei is coextensive with Osteoglossidae ; Paralycoptera is a sister group to [ Osteoglossinae ＋ Phareodontinae ]. The suggestion of a sister group relationship between Paralycoptera and [ Osteoglossinae ＋ Phareodontinae ] extends the range of Osteoglossidae back to Early Cretaceous.