40例双颌前突患者头影测量分析

Cephalometric Analysis of 40 Cases with Bimaxillary Protrusion

目的探讨双颌前突患者的颅面特征,为临床诊治提供参考。方法用审美平面检出40例双颌前突患者(其中青少年组20例,成年组20例,每组男、女各半),对其头颅侧位定位片进行描图,通过计算机辅助多功能容貌测量系统软件定点、测量。结果青少年组与成年组相比,青少年组随年龄增长面下部有显著生长,且以前颅底后部及下颌后部生长明显,上颌基骨生长不显著;女性组与男性组相比,女性前颅底相对短,下颌角较大,上唇软组织突度较明显;与北京、华西正常牙合相比,双颌前突患者均显示下颌骨位置相对后缩,切牙过度唇倾。结论对需要通过矫形力来抑制颌骨过度发育而达到矫治双颌前突目的的患者,应从青春期前进行;矫治女性双颌前突患者更应内收上前牙,以改善上唇过突导致的不美观;用审美平面检出的双颌前突患者不仅仅表现为上下颌骨和(或)牙的前突,还可表现为下颌相对后缩。

Objective To study the craniofacial characters of bimaxillary protrusion, so as to provide the theoretical facts for diagnosis and treatment. Methods 40 cases with bimaxiUary protrusion were selected by esthetic plane during past 2 years. They were divided into adolescent group and adult group with each group 20 cases. Males and females were half and half in 2 group. Cephalograms were analyzed by using Computer-Assisted-Photogrammetric-system for all the subjects. Results Comparison with the adult group showed that the adolescent group grew in the back of anterior cranial base and mandible and grew less in nasomaxillary complex. Comparison with the males group showed that females group had relatively short anterior cranial base and big mandible angle and prominent upper lip. Compared with the normals in Beijing and Chengdu, the mandibles of the subjects were positioned more backward, and the incisors inclined extremely to the labial side. Conclusion The patients with bimaxillary protrusion should to be treated before the onset of the pubertal growth spurt in case of restraining maxillary growth. More attention would be paid on the upper incisor retraction in females group than males group. The patients with bimaxillary protmsien existed not only bimaxillary prognathism or bimaxillary dental protrusion but the mandible retrusion in this study.