滇南、滇东南黑冠长臂猿分布与数量

Population and Distribution of the Black Crested Gibbons in Southern and Southeastern Yunnan

滇南、滇东南曾是黑冠长臂猿广泛分布的地区之一。为掌握该地区近年黑冠长臂猿分布及种群数量现状，从2003年7月～2004年12月，采用访问调查及利用呜声定位法进行了实地调查。调查结果显示，在近40000km^2的范围内，东黑冠长臂猿（Nomascus sp．cf．nasutus）在云南境内可能已消失；西黑冠长臂猿（N．concolor）亦仅发现4～7个种群，且孤立分布于3个地区（金平芭蕉河2群6只，金平西隆山1～2群，绿春黄连山1～3群，总计不超过25只），而在江城牛倮河自然保护区、马关古林箐自然保护区、麻栗坡老君山自然保护区及屏边大围山自然保护区可能已绝迹。滇南、滇东南黑冠长臂猿分布区缩小及种群数量剧减，主要与栖息地丧失及过度捕猎有关。

Historically the black crested gibbon （Nomascus concolor, N. sp. cf. nasutus） has ever been distributed widely in southern and southeastern Yunnan. A series of field surveys and interviews were conducted with local people, from July 2003 to December 2004 to assess the conservation status of the gibbons in southeast Yunnan. Results demonstrated that the eastern black crested gibbon （N. sp. cf. nasutus ） and the western black crested gibbon （N. concolor） disappeared in the Niuluohe Nature Reserve of Jiangcheng County, Gulinqing Nature Reserve of Maguan County, Laojunshan Nature Reserve of Malipo County and probably in Daweishan Nature Reserve of Pingbian County. Less than 25 individuals of 4- 7 groups were found in isolated habitats in Bajiaohe （2 groups）, Xilongshan （1 -2 groups） nature reserves located in Jingping County, and Huanglianshan （ 1 - 3 groups） nature reserve in Luchun County. Great loss of habitats and heavy hunting caused distributions reduction and population decline.