广西华缨鱼属鱼类一新种记述

A New Fish Species of Genus Sinocrossocheilus (Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China

在整理华缨鱼属标本时发现,1993年9月在广西壮族自治区天峨县红水河水系地下河采集到的一批标本为一个未经发表的新种,新种订名为大眼华缨鱼(Sinocrossocheilus megalophthalmus)。其下咽齿2行,可与下咽齿3行的7种华缨鱼相区别,而与属内同样具2行下咽齿的贵州华缨鱼(S.guizhouensis)、小口华缨鱼(S.microstomatus)和宽唇华缨鱼(S.labiatus)亲缘关系较近。但:(1)新种胸鳍中点上方无黑斑,背鳍分枝鳍条7,腹鳍分枝鳍条7,背鳍前鳞15—16,眼大,头长为眼径2·5—3·1倍,眼径为头宽44·7%—57·8%,吻须后伸至前后鼻孔之间或眼前缘,口角须后伸至眼前缘至眼中之间或眼中至眼后缘之间,体长为尾柄高8·9—10·7倍,头长为吻长2·5—3·7倍,可与贵州华缨鱼(胸鳍中点上方有一明显黑斑,背鳍分枝鳍条8,腹鳍分枝鳍条8,背鳍前鳞12—14,头长为眼径4·0—5·0倍,眼径为头宽16·6%—20·7%,吻须后伸不达后鼻孔后缘,口角须后伸至眼前缘,体长为尾柄高7·2—8·2倍,头长为吻长1·9—2·2倍)相区别;(2)新种背鳍前鳞15—16,侧线鳞39—40,侧线上鳞4·5—5·5,背鳍分枝鳍条7,鳃耙13,腹鳍末端伸达肛门,眼径为头宽44·7%—57·8%,可与宽唇华缨鱼(背鳍前鳞22,侧线鳞42—45,侧线上鳞6·5,背鳍分枝鳍条8,鳃耙10,腹鳍末端不达肛门,眼径为头宽23·3%—30·0%)相区别;(3)新种与同水系的小口华缨鱼在鳍条数、侧线鳞、体色、斑纹等方面最为相似,但新种围尾柄鳞14/16,眼大,头长为眼径2·5—3·1倍,腹鳍末端伸达肛门,口角须后伸至眼前缘至眼中之间或眼中至眼后缘之间,吻皮边缘深裂成小穗,背鳍起点距吻端较距尾鳍基为近,背鳍长大于头长,体长为尾柄长4·8—5·9倍,头长为吻长2·5—3·7倍,尾柄长为尾柄高1·6—2·1倍,可与之(围尾柄鳞12,眼小,头为眼径4·4—4·6倍,腹鳍末端不达肛门,口角须伸达眼下方,吻皮边缘不开裂或开裂不明显,背鳍起点距吻端等于距尾鳍基,背鳍条约等于头长,体长为尾柄长6·1—6·4倍,头长为吻长2·1—2·4倍,尾柄长为尾柄高1·4—1·5倍)相区别。

A new species of cyprinid fish genus Sinocrossocheilus has been recognized on basis of collections from Hongshuihe River, a tributary of Xijiang, Guangxi, China, September, 1993. All type specimens of Sinocrossocheilus megalophthalmus sp. nov. （Holotype： KIZ 9309011, 49.1 mm SL） were collected from an underground river of Hongshui He in Tian-E County, Guangxi, China. S. megalophthalmus sp. nov. is closely related to S. guizhouensis, S. micros- tomatus and S. labiatus by having 2 rows of pharyngeal teeth, while the other 7 species of the genus having 3 rows. It can be distinguished from S. gnizhouensis by following characters： no black spot above midpoint of pectoral fin vs. having a prominent black spot; branched dorsal fin ray 7 vs. 8; branched pelvic fin ray 7 vs. 8; predorsal scales 15 - 16 vs. 12 - 14; bigger eye, eye diameter 2.5 - 3.1 in head length vs. 4.0 - 5.0; eye diameter 44.7% - 57.8% head width vs. 16.6% - 20.7% ; rostral barbel reaching between anterior and posterior nostrils or reaching anterior edge of eye vs. not reaching posterior edge of posterior nostril; maxillary barbel reaching between anterior edge of eye and midpoint of eye or reaching between midpoint of eye and posterior edge of eye vs. reaching anterior edge of eye; caudal peduncle depth 8.9- 10.7 times in SL vs. 7.2-8.2;snout length 2.5- 3.7 times in head length vs. 1.9 - 2.2. It can be distinguished from S. labiatus by following characters： predorsal scales 15 - 16 vs. 22; lateral line scales 39-40 vs. 42 -45; scales above lateral line 4.5 - 5.5 vs. 6.5; branched dorsal lin rays 7 vs. 8; gill rakers 13 vs. 10; pelvie fin reach anus vs. not reach; eye diameter 44.7%-57.8% heat width vs.23.3% - 30.0%. S. megalophthalmus is most similar to S. microstomatus in fin ray couts. lateral line scales and color pattern, but it ean he dislinguished from S.microstomatus by following characters： circum-peduncle seales 14/16 vs. 12： bigger eye. eye diameter 2.5 - 3.1 times in head length vs. 4.4-4.6： pelvic fin reaching anus xs. not reaching anus： maxillary barbel reaching between anterior edge of eye and midpoint of eye or reaching between midpoinst of eye and posterior edge of eye. vs. reaching below eye： prefinge of rostral cap spfil into fimbriations vs. not split or not prominent split;dorsal fin origin closer to snout tip than caudal fin base vs. equal to： dorsal fin longer than head vs. almost equal to： caudal peduncle length 4.8-5.9 times in standard length vs：6.1 - 6.4; snout length 2.5 - 3.7 times in head length vs. 2.1 - 2.4; caudal peduncle length 1.6- 2.1 times its depth vs. 1.4-1.5.