基于钻孔数据的地层三维建模与可视化研究

3D MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF GEOLOGICAL LAYERS BASED ON BOREHOLE DATA

地质体三维建模是地学信息系统核心课题之一,对现有建模方法进行分析,结合地层特点,提出首先引入虚拟钻孔,利用Kriging插值方法建立地层三维模型;其次把虚拟钻孔参数的调试结果及专家知识等资料在建模流程中予以充分体现,从而建立相对精确的三维地层模型;最后基于本文建模方法开发了一个三维地层模型,并用实际资料进行了验证,能有效满足工程需求。

3D modeling for geological objects is important for 3D geological GIS study. By analyzing existing modeling methods and by combining stratigraphic characteristics, the authors put forward some feasible measures in this aspect. First, we constructed 3D model of strata by using Kriging algorithm on the basis of virtual borehole and other data; Second, in order to embody the results of virtual borehole modification and export knowledge in the flow of 3 D model, we employed the method that can take full advantage of profile and interpretation of export and construct a relatively precise 3D GIS prototype. In this way, we aimed to improve the existing method from the following two points. We introduced virtual borehole in 3D modeling, and the virtual borehole is relative to geology borehole and was formulated by experience and other methods of exploration. Parameter of virtual borehole and knowledge of expert are embodied in the modelling. In the process of modelling, virtual borehole can be accepted to the 3D strata model in proper positions according to the user＇s demand and comprehension of the geologic model, so virtual boreholes will restrict the model just as actual boreholes. Strata are variable in terms of randomicity and structure, so can be adapted to the Kriging mothod. Finally, a 3D GIS prototype was developed and tested with fact data, and the result shows that the modeling method can be conveniently developed.