比较基因组学在哺乳动物进化研究中的应用

Application of Comparative Genomics in Mammalian Evolution Research

哺乳动物经过长期进化,使其基因组在结构和功能上存在着明显的差异,构成了表型进化的基础。随着人类、部分哺乳动物基因组测序的完成,以比较基因组学为主要研究手段的哺乳动物进化研究应运而生,从而为在基因组水平上深入认识哺乳动物进化关系、揭示生命的起源和进化提供依据。对比较基因组学的主要研究方法进行了综述,进而探讨其在哺乳动物进化研究中的应用,并对哺乳动物比较基因组学的发展进行了展望。

Mammalian genome has obvious diversities in structure and function after long time of evolution, which also forms the foundation of evolution. As the number of completed mammalian genome sequences increases, there is an increasing emphasis on comparative genomic analysis of closely related organisms in mammalian evolution. Mammalian evolution will be intensively cognized in genome level by comparative genomics, in order to discover the origin of life and also provide the proof for evolution. This article summarizes the methods of comparative genomics, then discusses its application in mammalian evolution, and also expresses the prospect on mammalian comparative genomics.