竞技运动与基因兴奋剂

Gene Doping in Sports

基因兴奋剂是指非治疗目的应用以提高运动能力的基因、遗传元件或细胞。随着分子遗传学、体细胞遗传学、细胞生物学、分子病毒学等学科的重大发现和技术进步,基因治疗不仅用于治疗疾病,也有用于提高人体运动机能的可能。为了保证运动员的身体健康及竞技比赛的公正性,国际奥委会、世界反兴奋剂协会和国际运动联盟已经将基因兴奋剂列入违禁药。

Gene or cell doping is defined by the World Anti-doping Agency （WADA） as “the non-therapeutic use genes, genetic elements and/or cells that have the capacity to enhance athletic performance”. New research in genetic and genomics will be used not only to diagnose and treat disease, but also to attempt to enhance human performance. To protect the health of athletes and to ensure equal competitive conditions, the international Olympic Committee, WADA and International Sports Federations have accepted performance-enhancing substances and methods as being doping, and forbidden them.