南海盆地生物礁形成条件及发育趋势

Constrains and growing trend of biological reef in South China Sea Basin

生物礁由生物生长堆积而成,其形成条件与造礁生物的生存环境相关,主要包括海水的温度、盐度和溶解氧的含量;海水深度、透光度和海平面的升降变化;季风、海流、热带气旋和太阳辐射。南海处于赤道以北的低纬度地区,具备生物礁形成的海水和气候等基本条件,生物礁的形成和发育趋势主要受南海盆地形成演化制约。研究表明,南海盆地生物礁形成具有南早北晚,东早西晚的发育规律,平面上北、西、南陆架和陆坡是生物礁形成的有利地区。

Biogenetic reef forming conditions were related to survival environment of reef-buildup biology, including temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen content of seawater; seawater depth, penetrability, and sea level eustasy; monsoon, ocean current, tropical cyclone, and solar radiation. Located at low north latitude, South China Sea has the basic conditions of forming biogenetic reef, such as suitable seawater and climate. The formation and developing trend of biogenetic reefs in South China Sea are constrained by the formation and evolution of the basin. Investigations indicate that biogenetic reefs formed earlier in the south than the north, and the east than the west. Continental shelves and slopes in the north, west and south are favorable areas for biogenetic reef formation.