番茄果实耐贮性的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis on Storage Life of Tomato Fruits

以80份番茄地方品种和自育自交系为材料,对它们的果实硬度和果实软化速度的遗传表现,以及与其他主要农艺性状的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,果实硬度和软化速度在基因型间有极显著的差异。成熟期的果实硬度和软化速度呈极显著负相关,但也有一些硬度很低的品种,软化速度反而很慢,耐贮性非常好;软化速度和果重、果型指数、含糖量、果实含水量等无显著的线性相关,说明耐贮性同这些重要经济性状和品质性状没有必然的联系,完全能够对它们进行同步改良。F1果实的软化速度表现为部分显性,耐贮性一般倾向于不耐贮的亲本;只有双亲的果实软化速度都比较慢时,杂种后代的果实才表现出良好的耐贮性。

Eighty tomato entries including landraces and inbred lines were used to study their genetic diversity in fruit firmness and storage life as well as their relationships with other traits. Experiment results showed that there were very significant differences among genotypes in fruit firmness and softening speed. Fruit tirmness at maturity stage was significantly and negatively correlated with fruit softening speed. However, some lines with low firmness displayed a slow fruit softening speed and long storage life. Fruit softening speed was not significantly related to iruit weight,fruit type index,soluble solid content, and fruit water content respectively. It seemed that softening speed was not closely associated with these important economic traits. These traits could be improved concurrently. Fruit softening speed was partial dominant in F1. Storage life of F1 was toward the parent with short storage life. Hybrid displayed a long storage life only if it was produced from its parents with slow softening speed.