濒危植物南方红豆杉的研究进展

The Study Tendency on the Endangered Plant Taxus mairei

南方红豆杉特产于中国，属第三纪孑遗树种，为国家Ⅰ级保护植物，主要分布于广东、广西、江西、河南、陕西、甘 肃、台湾和山西等省(区)的山地。南方红豆杉是集材用、药用、观赏、绿化于一体的珍稀树种，特别是它的体内含有天然抗癌 药物--紫杉醇而倍受世人瞩目，目前已处于濒危状态。对于南方红豆杉的研究国内外已开展了大量工作，包括形态解剖学 研究、植物生理生化研究(包括营养繁殖苗的培育、种子萌发特性、紫杉醇的提取分离等)；此外，南方红豆杉在临床上的应用 也是研究的热点之一。文章在前人研究的基础上，综述了关于南方红豆杉植物的研究现状及发展趋势，旨在为该物种的保护 生物学提供理论依据。

Taxus mairei belonged to the first class peotect plant, which is endemic to China. and is an endangered species. It is widely distributed in mountainous areas in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Henan, Shannxi, Gansu, Taiwan and Shanxi and so on. It was a rare species and could be used in wood, medicine, watching, afforestation and so on. Moreover, it was paid close attention because it contained a kind of special natural medicine taxol, which could be used to treat cancer. Therefore, it had often been cut and damaged. Nowadays, there were a lot of studies on this species in different fields such as morphology, anatomy, physiology and chemistry （including multiplying technique, seed germination, the isolation, structure and production of taxol）, pharmacology and so on. In addition, the utilization in medicine was also a world - wide concerned topic. Base on the works by others, the report summaried the study conditions and progression trendeney on Taxus mairei in order to protect this rare species.