河南省人体重要寄生虫病流行现状调查与分析

SURVEY ON PRESENT EPIDEMIC STATUS OF MAIN HUMAN PARASITES INFECTION IN HENAN PROVINCE

目的掌握河南省人体重要寄生虫病流行现状。方法按照《全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查》实施细则制定的方法和要求,抽取17个县51个调查点进行肠道寄生虫调查,10个县20个点进行旋毛虫病调查,10个县30个点进行囊虫病调查,5个县进行弓形虫病调查,1个县进行包虫病调查,2个县进行黑热病媒介白蛉调查。结果肠道寄生虫感染调查25 894人,总感染率为14.96%(3 873/25 894),其中蠕虫感染率为9.80%(2 537/25 894),原虫感染率为6.61%(1 609/24 348)。查出肠道寄生虫29种,其中蠕虫18种,原虫11种。人群血清学调查,旋毛虫、囊虫、包虫和弓形虫抗体阳性率分别为2.97%(300/1 0103)、0.05%(1/2 200)、0.60%(6/1 007)和4.64%(216/4 660);黑热病媒介调查2个县,发现2种白蛉,共317只,中华白蛉占98.42%(312/317)。结论河南省人群肠道寄生虫感染率较10年前显著下降,但不同地区流行情况仍有较大差异,低年龄组仍是寄生虫感染的高危人群。人群旋毛虫和囊虫感染率较低,弓形虫感染率相对较高,包虫病仅有局部发病灶点。

Objective To understand the present epidemic status of main human parasites infection in Henan Province. Methods According to the unified methods formulated by the national investigation scheme, 51 sampling sites for human intestinal parasites in fection and 10 sites for Trichinella spiralis infection and 10 sites for Taenia spp, infection and 1 site for T. taeniaeformis infection and 5 sites for Toxoplasma gondii infection and 2 sites for Kola-azar investigation were selected respectively. Iodine-stained smear, modified Kato Katz thick smear, adhesive-tape scraping method and nematode larva culture method were applied for parasitological diagnosis, and ELISA was used as the serological detecting method for investigation of T. spiralis infection, Taenia spp. infection, T. taeniaeformis infection and T. gondii infection. Results The total infection rate of intestinal parasites was 14.96% （3 873/ 25894） in 51 selected sites. The infection rates of human intestinal helminth and protoza were 9.80% （2 537/25 894）and 6.61 （1 609/24 348） respectively. 29 species of intestinal parasites were found, and include 18 helminthes and 11 protoza. The serological positive rates of T. spiralis, Taenia spp , T. gondii and T. taeniaeforrnis were 2.97%（300/1 0103）, 0.05%（1/2 200）, 0.60%（6/1 007） and 4.64%（216/4 660）, respectively. 317 Phlebotomus, 2 species, were found in 2 sites, which include 312 Phlebotomus chinensis. Conclusion Comparing with the investigated results of 10 years ago, the human parasite infection is decreased in Henan Province, but the present epidemic status of parasites infection in the different regions were different and the infection rate of intestinal parasites in the low age group was higher than others too. Each serological positive rate of T. spirali＇s, Taenia spp. and T. taeniaeformis in the local residents was lower, but the positive rate of T. gondii was high relatively .