巨胚稻胚重与糙米粒形的关系

Relationship between rice embryo weight and grain shape characters in giant embryo rice

分别选取57个粒形差异较大的籼型巨胚稻品系和籼型非巨胚品系,对其糙米的绝对胚重和相对胚重与粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、粒重诸粒形性状进行相关和通径分析.结果表明:巨胚稻相对胚重与粒长、粒宽、粒厚和粒重有显著关系,选择粒重较小、粒长较短而粒厚适中的粒形可提高巨胚稻胚的相对重量;对非巨胚稻的相对胚重起显著作用的是粒长、粒宽、粒厚和长宽比.对巨胚稻,粒重的作用极显著,长宽比的作用不显著;而对非巨胚稻,粒重的作用则不显著,长宽比的作用极显著.本文还就巨胚稻及小胚稻的遗传改良及育种应用作了讨论.

Correlation and path analysis were conducted between rice grain embryo weight （including absolute and relative embryo weight） and grain shape characters （including grain length, grain width, grain thickness, length width ratio and grain weight） for 57 giant embryo rice and 57 indica rice cultivars. The results showed that in giant embryo rice, there was close relationship between embryo weight and grain length, grain width, grain thickness and grain weight. Short length, light weight and moderately thick grain shape was conducive to the increase of rice embryo weight; in non-giant embryo rice, there was close relationship between embryo weight and grain length, grain width, grain thickness and grain length width ratio. There was significant relationship between embryo weight and grain weight, but no significant relationship between embryo weight and grain length width ratio in giant embryo rice, and the contrary as the non-giant embryo flee. Genetic improvement and application on breeding of giant embryo rice and little embryo rice were also discussed in this paper.