关于石油工业国有化与私有化的思考

Considerations about Nationalization or Privatization of Petroleum Industry

本文通过对主要石油产消国的企业产权制度进行对比分析,探索面对国际油价持续上涨时所采取的国有化或私有化的战略性调整策略,寻找不同产权制度安排下经营石油资源资产与降低交易成本的一般规律,导出在租值消散博弈中原油供需均衡曲线向右上倾斜的必然结果,并初步得出不同石油资源禀赋国家参与国际石油市场分工的策略与中国应对租值消散博弈的策略。

This paper attempts to explore the strategic policy adjustments, against the background of continuing soaring oil prices, when considering whether to nationalize or privatize petroleum properties. Petroleum property ownership systems in the main oil producing and consuming countries are compared and analyzed first to find out the general trends in the management of petroleum resources and lowering trade costs under different property ownership systems. Then it leads to an inevitable outcome - the tilting up to the right side of the crude oil supply and demand balance curve in the rent value dissipation game. For countries that possess different petroleum resources, the paper further derives the strategy to be adopted when deciding their roles in the international market. Finally the paper proposes a strategy for China on how to play in the rent dissipation game.