悲凉之雾 遍被华林——论《红楼梦》的悲剧意蕴

Desolate Fog Spirit Overlaying Everything——A Talk on Tragic Flavor of 《 Red Chamber Dream 》

曹雪芹在清醒的悲剧意识观照下,将《红楼梦》全篇叙写成两种性质不同、审美价值各异的悲剧:封建贵族世家自相戕戮、美丑同归、兴衰荣辱迅速更替的家族悲剧;以宝黛爱情为中心、以"金陵十二钗"为主体的"千红一哭,万艳同悲"的女儿悲剧。在以上整体悲剧的外围,还弥漫着强烈的死亡意识。这种由时代、文化乃至生命折射出的大悲剧真可谓"悲凉之雾,遍被华林"。

In his tragic perspective of consciousness, Cao Xue-qin described 《 Red Chamber Dream 》 as two kinds of tragedies with different properties and aesthetic values： a tragedy concerning mutual annihilation, common ruin of good and evil, and rapid alternate rise and fall in feudalism nobility family; a tragedy of girls centering around the love ofbaodai and twelve unlucky Jinling singers. The whole tragedy was swimming with intense death conciousness. The tremendous tragedy reflected by age, culture and even life might be called as ＂desolate fog spirit overlaying everything＂