沙生饲用灌木树种的适应性评价

Adaptability and Evaluatiion of Psammophyte Forage Shrub

试验对５个沙生灌木树种的引种、生物量、抗旱性、饲料成分及营养价值作了测试和分析，并与乌兰布和沙漠传统饲用灌木、牧草、农副产品饲料进行了比较。结果表明：花棒、梭梭和乔木状沙拐枣不同产地间在高生长、地径生长两个性状上差异显著；乔木状沙拐枣和杨柴的地上生物量低于多枝怪柳（对照）１０．６９％和１８．８７％，花棒、梭梭、毛条分别高于对照１６．９８％、２７．０４％和２．６４％。所选５个树种７项生态生理综合指标反映的抗旱性均高于对照树种二白杨和小叶杨；适于在乌兰布和干旱环境中生长；粗脂肪、租纤维和无氮浸出物高于传统饲料汤、柳、榆树叶；饲料成分及营养价值高于玉米秸和小麦秸；１１种氨基酸总含量分别为：毛条１２．５３％，花棒１０．９１％，传统饲料多枝栓柳为７．８％，紫花苜蓿１．１８％，沙打旺１．２４％，玉米秸０．８２％，小麦秸１．０５％．栽培沙生饲用灌木是沙区发展畜牧业的一条有利途径。

A comparison was made on the adaptability,biomass,drough-tolerance,for-age composition and nutritive values between 5 psammophyte shrub species and the tradition-al forage shrub and forage grass species in Wulanbuhe Desert.he results showed that therewere sigriificant differences in height growth and above-ground growth between Hedysarumscoparium,Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum a rborescens of different production ar-eas;the above-ground biomass of both C.arborescens and H. fruticosum var. monglicum werelower than that of the control(Tamarix ramosissima)by 10.69%and 18.87%,but that ofH. scorparium,H. ammodendron and Caragana korshinskii was higher than that of the con-trol by 16.98%,27 04% and 2.64%respectively.The drought tolerance of the selected 5tree species was higher than that of Populus gansuensis and P.simonii,and the coarse fat,coarse fibre and non-nitrogen exudate of their leaves were higher than those of poplar,willowand ulmus. Their forage composition and nutritive values were also higher than those of thetraditional forage crops,so the cultivation of psammophyte shrub species is reliable methodto develop animal husbandry.