宁波市人群中非O1群霍乱弧菌携带及其毒性研究

The study on toxicity of vibrio cholera non-O1 and carriers in Ningbo City

目的：非O1群霍乱弧菌是我市感染性腹泻的常见病原菌，通过研究其在人群中携带频度和产生毒素的种类，有利于对该疾病采取针对性措施。方法：用筛检方法分离菌株，经系统生化血清分型确定型别，K-B法测定菌株的耐药性，用PCR、ELISA和动物等试验测定细菌的毒性。结果：从18416份标本中检出O1群霍乱弧菌236株，检出率为1．28％，其中腹泻病人检出率为8．3％，健康人群为0．3％，分属于25个血清型、9个噬菌体，除对青霉素有较高的耐药性外，其他常用抗生素敏感在67．6％-100．0％之间，发现有15．3％的菌株对弧菌抑制剂O／129抗性。92．0％的非O1群霍乱弧菌对小鼠有毒性，CT毒素检出率为1．3％；ST毒素检出率为78．8％；溶血素血平板法阳性率为94．4％、试管法阳性率为88．9％；未检出耐热性溶血素、Vero毒素等多种。结论：宁波市人群中携带一定数量的非O1群霍乱弧菌，腹泻病人中检出率较高，健康人群携带率稍低，与报道一致。7-10月份为检出高峰，与疾病流行规律相符。菌株的生化和药敏特征未发现变异，但抗弧菌抑制剂O／129现象较严重，在鉴定、鉴别时应加以关注。从细菌中检出多种致病毒素，并对小鼠的有较强的致病作用。说明该菌的综合毒力较强。结果提示我们，非O1群霍乱弧菌的致病因子复杂程度高于O1群霍乱弧菌，应引起我们的重视。

Objective：The non -O1 vibrio cholera was the very popular pathogen among the infective diarrhea patients in the Ningbo City. The study on the carriers＇ distribution and the kind of toxicity produced by it among the crowd helped to take effective measures to prevent it. Methods：Separated the vibrio cholera strain by screen test, identified the style by the systemic biochemical serotyping, measured the antibiotic resistance of the strain by K- B method and detected it＇s toxicity by the serious of experiments such as PCR, ELISA and animal tests, etc. Results：A total of 236 vibrio cholera non - O1 strains which belonged to 25 serotyping and 9 phages respectively were isolated among the 18416 specimens and the positive rate was 1.28% with 8. 3% and 0. 3% among the diarrheas and the healthy. Except for the high antibiotic resistance to the penicillin, the sensitivity to other common antibiotics was from 67.6% to 100.0% and 15.3% and strains had the resistance to the vibrio inhibitor O/129. 92. 0% ribrio cholera non - O1 was toxic to the mice and the positive rate of CT, ST and hemolysin plate assay was 1.3%, 78. 8% and 94. 4%. Conclusion ：There is a mount of carriers of vibrio cholera non - O1 with the high positive rate among thediarrheas and low among the healthy according with the past reports. The positive rate peak is from Jul to Oct and shares the similar epidemic trait with the past years. The change of the strain＇s biochemistry and characteristics of antibiotic sensitivity had never occurred but the resistance to the vibrio inhibitor O/129 was serious that should be paid more attention to when identified and distinguished. Various toxins which could make the rats ill easily are detected from it. The nosogenesis of vibrio cholera non - O1 is more complex than the vibrio cholera O1.