铁基烧结合金表面处理技术的研究进展

Surface treatment of sintered iron-based alloys

粉末冶金铁基烧结合金在工业中的应用已越来越广泛,但由于孔隙的存在,耐磨性、耐蚀性和抗疲劳性均有待改善。目前,旨在提高粉末冶金铁基烧结合金综合性能的方法很多,该文综合介绍了其中几种比较典型的粉末冶金铁基合金表面处理工艺,包括渗碳、离子氮化、气体碳氮共渗、水蒸气处理、电镀、镀锌、电沉积,激光处理等,阐述了各自的原理及其优缺点,探讨了表面处理技术的应用和发展方向。最后结论为表面处理技术有利于提高铁基烧结合金的整体性能、拓宽其应用领域和降低其制备技术,而主要研究方向仍在于妥善解决由孔隙带来的问题。

Sintered iron-based alloys are being used increasingly in industry, but greater hardness and wear- and corrosion-reslstances are demanded because of existing open porosity. A great number of processes aimed at improving their properties are introduced, which include carburizing, carbonitriding, ion-nitriding, steam oxidation, elec- , zinc coating, electroless deposition, wide-band laser transformation hardening, controlled shot peening, etc, and the application and development directions about the above processing tecnologies are discussed; and finally it is summerized that surface treatment is beneficial to improve the entire property, widen the application field and decrease the cost of the sintered iron based alloys, and its main research direction is yet solving the existed problems caused by porosity reasonably..