2005珠峰高程测定

2005 Height Determination of Qomolangma Feng

2005年我国对珠穆朗玛峰高程进行了新的测定,为此在珠峰及其邻近地区开展了大规模的大地测量数据获取和数据处理工作。相对于1975年珠峰测高,2005年在珠峰以北地区的地面控制和珠峰高程测定中采用了GPS技术,采用了雷达探测技术测定珠峰峰顶冰雪覆盖层的深度,利用地球重力场模型、重力和数字地形数据、以及GPS水准等资料,精化珠峰地区的大地水准面,提高了测量珠峰高程和探测峰顶冰雪覆盖层深度的精度和可靠性。由此测得珠峰峰顶雪面正常高为8 846.67 M,珠峰峰顶雪面正高(海拔高)为8 847.93 M,珠峰峰顶岩面正高为8 844.43 M,珠峰峰顶相应点的冰雪层厚度为3.50 M。

In 2005 China carried out a new geodetic campaign for the height determination of Qomolangma Feng（ QF in short）. As comparison with the 1975 campaign, the technical progress in geodesy for the height determination campaign of QF in 200：5 campaign is as follows. GPS technique is widely used for the ground coordinate control and the height determination of the QF summit. The thickness of the snow-ice cover on the QF summit is measured by ground penetrating radar integrated with GPS. The local gravity field and geoid in QF area is improved on the based of global gravity field model integrated with new ground gravity data, DTM data and GPS levelling data in the QF area. The normal height and orthometrie height （height above sea） of the snow surface of the QF summit are 8 846.67 m and 8 847.93 m respectively. The orthometric height of rock surface of the QF summit is 8 844.43 m, and the thickness of the snow-ice layer on the summit of the QF is 3.50 m.