社会支持对老年人抑郁情绪的影响研究

The Effects of Social Support on Depression in the Aged

目的:探讨社会支持对老年人抑郁情绪的作用机制。方法:对北京市238名60岁以上社区老年人进行CES-D、PSSS和SRHMS中的生理健康子量表的测量。结果:8.51%的老年人有程度不等的抑郁,男女之间无差异,无配偶的老人抑郁发生率比有配偶的高7.3%,身体健康差的老年人抑郁程度重。社会支持能解释抑郁变异的10%,家庭支持是抑郁的有效预测成分,家庭支持高的抑郁情绪少,β=-0.29。家庭支持与婚姻状况、身体健康存在交互作用。结论:社会支持对老年抑郁有普遍增益作用,家庭支持是其有效成分。对于无配偶、身体健康差的易感人群,家庭支持能有效缓解这部分老年人的抑郁情绪。

Objective： To examine the effects of social support on depression in the aged. Methods： CES-D scale, social support scale, and self-report health scale, were administered to 238 participants from Beijing urban area aged 60- 85 years old. Results： 8.51% of the sample was classified as depressive according to the standard of the CES-D scale. No significant gender difference was found for the incidence of depression, while that of those with spouse was lower than those without. Old aduhs with poor health felt higher depression. Regressive analysis indicated that 10% variation of depression could be explained by the social support. Interactive effects were found by family support and marriage status, and health condition on depressive level. Conclusion： Social support for the aged could be widely beneficial for old people with depression. Meanwhile, family support as a sub-dimension of social support showed distinctive effects on depression for those without spouse or with poor health.