应用区间层次分析法(IAHP)研究高层建筑火灾安全因素

On fire-safety of high-rises with IAHP-based method

高层建筑物的火灾安全影响因素繁多,其对建筑物火灾安全性的影响不容易确定,采用传统的层次分析法对某些因子的影响权重进行确定时难度较大。本文采用区间层次分析法来解决这一问题。首先建立影响高层建筑火灾安全的层次分析模型,然后用区间层次分析法确定影响因子,采用区间数特征根法求出各个火灾安全因子的权重值,并进行一致性检验。研究表明,影响高层建筑火灾安全的因子从大到小依次为:安全疏散措施、管理与维护、消防设施、报警与灭火系统、阻燃与防火结构,得到了每个因子的权重。采用同样的方法确定了每个影响因子的子因子的权重及重要性排序。其结果与实际情况基本相符。表明在进行高层建筑火灾安全性评估时,区间层次分析法是一种较好的方法。

The present paper aims to study the fire-safety influeneing factors of high-rises and their effects on the surrounding buildings, To overcome the difficulties in predicting some of the factors with traditional AHP method, the paper has established the model of fire safety hierarchy for high-rises, and then has worked out the decisions of the influencing factors with IAHP. Moreover, we have used the Interval number cigenvalue method with its consistence property being tested. It is proved that the rating of the influencing factors is： evacuation measures, management and maintenance, fire protection services, alarming and fire extinguishing system, ignition prevention and fire resistant construction, while the weight of each factor is also confinned. The weight of each sub-factor can also get through same way. The result is consistent with the reality. IAHP is thus a good measure in evaluating the fire safety of the high-fising buildings.