岷江上游景观变化研究——以汶川县为例

Study on landscape change in upper reaches of Min River—a case of Wenchuan County

运用3S技术分析了岷江上游地区的景观变化,发现该区的景观是在逐年的破碎化,有林地是唯一一种减少的景观类型,草地、灌木林地、经济林、耕地和居民用地的面积在逐年的增加,而河流、湖泊和冰雪/裸岩的面积没有变化。在此基础上分析了景观变化的原因,认为人文因素是其变化的主要原因,人口的增长,加上片面追求地方经济的发展,森林资源的不合理、过度的开采,草地资源过度放牧和超载,导致了该区的生态环境受到巨大的破坏,森林面积减少,覆盖率降低,草场退化,水土流失严重。

Based on the three techniques （GIS, RS, GPS）, the landscape change was studied from 1974 to 2000 in the upper reaches of Min River. The results show that the landscape in the study area was fragmented year by year. Forestland was the only decreasing landscape type. The area of grassland, shrubland, economic forest, cropland, and built-up land increased between 1974 and 2000, and that of river, lake, and unused land did not change. Based on the above, the cause of landscape change is analyzed. The human factor is the principal cause of landscape change in the study area. The increasing population, economic development, irrational forest deforestation, and unreasonable stockbreeding have resulted in the destruction of the ecological environment. The area of forest has decreased, and soil and water loss is bad.