汉语的委婉否定格式在哈萨克语中的表达

Kazakh Equivalent to Chinese Euphemistic Negative Structure

现代汉语的委婉否定格式在哈萨克语中主要以四种形式表达:一是用状述否定结构表达,包括以形容词为主和以动词为主的状述否定结构两种;二是用动词式与体连用的否定结构表达,这与动词所要表达的复杂意义有关;三是用形容词的减弱级形式表达,这取决于形容词的性质;四是用复杂谓语否定结构形式表达,这与委婉否定的语法意义有关。因此,运用语法、语义、语用三结合的方法进行研究,才能合理地揭示它们之间的对应规律。

There are four major equivalent forms in Kazakh language to the euphemistic negative structure of Chinese ： by adverbial-predicate negative structure with taking adjective or verb as the dominant factor; by negative structure of combination of mood and aspect of verb connected with complex meaning expressed by a verb ; by form of the comparative degree of adjective depending on the na- ture of adjective and by the negative structure of the complex predicate form connected with grammatical meaning of euphemistic negation. Therefore, the real relation between the corresponding of the two expressions could only be rationally revealed with the help of a combined methodology of grammar, semantics and pragmatics.