固始鸡生长过程中不同类型肌纤维面积比的变化

Study on the area proportion of different muscle fibers during the growing period of Gushi chicks

用琥珀酸脱氢酶染色法对不同生长阶段(4,8,12,16周龄)固始鸡胸肌和腿肌的肌纤维类型进行了分析,并对肌红纤维与中间型肌纤维面积之和(SR+M)、中间型肌纤维面积(SM)和白肌纤维面积(SW)进行了测定。结果表明,腿肌肌纤维类型有3种,即红肌纤维,白肌纤维和中间型肌纤维,而胸肌肌纤维类型有2种,即白肌纤维和中间型肌纤维。在固始鸡的生长过程中,腿肌的白肌纤维比例逐渐降低,胸肌的白肌纤维的比例先升后降。公鸡腿肌中SR+M／SW值在第4,8与12周龄间差异均不显著(P>0．05),在第12周龄与16周龄间差异显著(P< 0．05),在第8周龄与第16周龄间差异极显著(P<0. 01);母鸡腿肌中SR+M／SW值在各周龄间差异均不显著 (P>0．05);公鸡胸肌中SM／SW值在各周龄间差异均不显著(P>0．05);母鸡胸肌中SM／SW除在第8周龄和第12 周龄间差异不显著(P>0．05)外,在其他各周龄间差异均极显著(P<0．01)。腿肌中的红肌纤维和中间型肌纤维以及胸肌中的中间型肌纤维在公鸡肌肉中的含量均高于母鸡。

The area proportions of different types of muscle fibers were studied in the breast and leg muscles of Gushi chickens at different stages （4,8,12,16 week） and the total area of red and middle muscle fibers （SR＋M）,the area of middle muscle fiber （SM） and the area of white muscle fibers （SW） were determined. Muscle fibers were observed by succinate dehydrogenase （skhhase） staining. The results showed that the muscle fibers were divided into three types ：red muscle fibers ,white fibers and the middle fibers. With the growing of Gushi Chicks,the proportion of white fibers of the leg muscle gradually decreased, meanwhile,in the breast muscle it rose at first then began to decrease. For Gushi male,there were no significant differences in leg muscle among the SR＋M/SW ratios at the 4th, the 8th and the 12th week （P〉0.05） and there were significant differences between the SR＋M/SW ratios of the 8th, 12th week （P〈0.05） and there were extremely significant differences between the SR＋M/SW ratios of the 4th,the 16th week （P〈0.01）. For Gushi female, there were no significant differences in leg muscle between the SR＋M/SW ratios at all stages （P〉0.05）. For Gushi male,there appeared no significant differences in chest muscle between the SM/SW ratios at all stages （P〉0.05）. For Gushi female,there were no significant differences in chest muscle between the SM/SW ratios of the 8th and the 12th weeks （P〉0.05）,but there were extremely significant differences between the other SM/SW ratios （P〈0.01）. The proportion of red muscle fiber and middle muscle fiber of leg muscle and the proportion of middle muscle fiber of chest muscle were higher for male chicken than for female chicken.