英国财产法的基本原则与概念的辨析与比较

Basic Principles and Concepts of British Property Law

在英国,财产法只调整和保护私有财产。公有财产是由公法加以调整和保护的。这种公法与私法的严格分工保证了财产法的“纯”私法性和整个法律部门的原则与逻辑的协调一致性。英国的“财产”概念完全是为了保护私人财产而设计的,由此而决定了这一概念的内涵和外延,也形成了财产法的技术特征。可以说英国财产法在经过历史长河的积淀之后,在基本原则、概念、渊源、技术等几个方面自然地融合在一起,成为和谐严密的统一整体。我国《物权法(草案)》与英国财产法不仅存在概念和范围上的区别,也存在着文化价值观的深刻差异。

In UK, the property law regulates and protects only private property. Public property is regulated and protected by public law. This strict division between public and private laws ensures the ＂pure＂ private law nature of property law and the harmony and coherence of the principles and logics of different legal departments. The fact that the concept of ＂property＂ in UK is designed exclusively for the protection of private property determines the connotation and denotation of the concept as well as the technical characteristics of the property law in UK. It is fair to say that, after a long history of evolution, the UK property law has developed into a harmonious, close-knit, and unified system of basic principles, concepts, legal sources and techniques. The Chinese Law on the Rights in rem （Draft） is different from the UK property law, not only in terms of concept and scope, but also in terms of cultural values.