美国财产法妨害制度的经济分析

Economic Analysis of the Nuisance System in American Property Law

我国《物权法(草案)》的相邻关系制度旨在调整相互冲突的土地使用方式。在英美财产法中,妨害制度是调整不动产相邻权利人之间土地使用关系的一项重要制度。妨害是对于他人使用、享受其财产(特别是土地)的不法干扰,包括私人妨害和公共妨害。本文通过判例研究,分析了美国财产法妨害制度的构成要件和救济方式;并以科斯定理为基础,对该制度进行了经济分析。

The law of neighbors in the proposed Chinese property law is intended to regulate conflicting land uses. In Anglo - American property law, the law of nuisance is an important system regulating the relationship in land use among neighboring estate holders. A nuisance, including private nuisance and public nuisance, is an unprivileged interference with one＇s use and enjoyment of his property （land in particular）. Based on case study, this article analyses the elements and remedies of the law of nuisance in American property law. It also conducts an economic： analysis thereof in the light of the Coase Theorem.