用β射线测定高坝泄洪雾化浓度

Determination of atomized concentration by β-ray method during flood discharge from high dam

介绍用高灵敏度的β射线透射法测量高坝泄洪雾化浓度的方法，先用加水模拟空气中的水分进行室内标定，然后推算出透射β射线计数率与空气中含水量之间的定量关系。在现场的实际试验结果表明，β射线透射法能准确、快速地测出空气中的雾化浓度。

The principle of determining the atomized concentrstion by β-ray tyansndssion measurement is described. The laboratory calibration was carried out with the wet filter paper to simulate wster content in the air, from which the quantitative relation between the β-ray count rate and water content in the air was derived. Therefore,the atomized concentration can be determined by using the β-ray count rate measured in situ and the calibration curve. The tests in still show that the β-ray transmission method used to measure the atomized concentration during the period of flood discharge from the high dam in hydropower stations is precise, rapid and has a higher sensitivity than the γ-ray transmission method.