日本语外来语的语言学特征及其社会文化视角

The Linguistic Feature and Social Culture of Loan Words in Japanese

日本语外来语是音译借用语。借用的继承性和变异性是外来语的本质和特性。没有变异就达不到日本语化。继承性和变异性决定了日本语外来语的标记形式规则;词义的继承性和变异性特征除了细微的取此舍彼的借用还有创造性的和式英语、替代原有的汉语、和语,并且分担不同的表达范围等。外来语是日本人语言生活、精神生活、文化生活的一部分。外来语现象缘于语言市场价值因素,同时也反映了语言的社会因素和心里因素及人们对语言的客观态度。衡量语言进化的标准是科学的语言态度和语言质量。

loan words in Japanese are phonetically translated loan words. Succession and variation are their essence and property. Without variation, there are no real Japanese forms of them. Succession and variation decide the marked form of Japanese loan words. Loan words are one aspect of Japanese language, culture and spiritual llfe. They result from language＇s market value , and also reflects its social and psychological features and people＇s positive attitude to language. The criterion for language evolution is scientific language attitude and quality.