冬小麦田不同调控措施下的土壤水蒸发量分析

Soil Moisture Evaporation under Different Management Measures in Winter Wheat Field

为探讨农田在不同调控措施下的土壤水蒸发量,以衡水试验场为例,以土壤水流动系统为指导,设计沟播盖腐熟秸秆、沟播不盖秸秆、盖膜穴播、平播对照4种不同调控措施下的田间试验,运用土壤水分均衡原理和土壤水分通量法,计算了不同调控措施下的土壤水蒸发量。结果表明,盖膜穴播田块的土壤水蒸发量最小,沟播盖腐熟秸秆次之,沟播不盖秸秆最大,说明盖膜穴播的土壤水分调控效果最好,而秸秆覆盖的效果优于不盖秸秆。

To study the soil moisture evaporation under different management measures at cropland,a field experiment is earryed out in Hengshui experimental field,based on the soil water flux system in this paper. This experiment covered different management measures of soil water：furrow-planting with no mulch,furrow-planting with mulch, and hole planting with velamen. The soil moisture evaporation under different management measures was calculated by using soil water balance theory and soil water flux method. The results show that hole-planting with velamen has the smallest evaporation, furrow-planting with mulch is the second,and furrow-planting with no mulch is the third. This explains that the effect of hole-planting with velamen is the best,and furrow-planting with mulch is better than furrow-planting with no mulch. The research can establish a good theoretical foundation for the popularization and application of such management measures of soil water as hole planting with velamen and straw mulch. It also has an important theoretical and practical significance for guiding field irrigation management and realizing sustainable development of local agriculture, water resources and environment.