美国高校终身教授制度的困境与出路

The Challenges and Reform of Tenure in Universities and Colleges in the United States

本文通过审视美国学术职业所面临的挑战,将美国高校终身教授制度置于学术职业的背景之下,对美国社会和学术界关于终身教授制度的质疑和批评进行了梳理,评述了美国高校对终身教授制度的改革,并重点介绍了终身聘任后评审制度这一改革措施。说明美国高校终身教授制度所面临的问题以及一些州政府和各高等院校对终身教授制度的改革是与美国高等教育所处的外部社会经济政治环境和高等教育自身的困境息息相关的。

The essay presents the challenges of the American Academic profession, focusing on the problems and reform of tenure in the American universities and colleges. While describing the reform of tenure, the author analyzes the post-tenure review and concludes that the reform by the states and higher institutions is closely related to the rapid changes and development of American higher education and the social and economic development of the society.