超滤处理油田采出水的膜污染特征及清洗

Fouling and cleaning of UF membrane in oil field production water treatment

利用色质联机对超滤处理油田采出水膜污染物质进行分析,发现烷烃类等石油原油中常见物质是膜的主要污染物。试验表明,常规水力清洗可使滤饼层大部分脱落,但对膜过滤性能的恢复效果较差,而碱洗对膜过滤性能的恢复作用显著,但单一的碱洗并不能清除所有的污染物,而碱洗和酸洗联合能有效降低膜污染。此外还对膜洗脱液进行了分析,并探讨了清洗机理。

The fouling substances to ultratiitratton （UP） membrane were analybes by GC/MS and the results showed that hydrocarbon and alkyl, which was ordinarily in petroleum, were the dominating pollutants. Physical and chemical cleaning was used to eliminate membrane fouling. The results showed that the conventional physical cleaning could remove most of cake layer, but it has little effect on membrane permeability recovery. Alkaline cleaning is effective to recovery the membrane permeability, and organic matter is the major component affecting the membrane fouling. The single alkaline cleaning could not wipe off all of the membrane fouling materials and the combined cleaning methods with alkaline and acid showed perfect effect. At the same time, this study has analyzed the component of chemical elutriate and discussed the membrane cleaning mechanism.