西安市地面水环境污染分析

Analysis of water environment contamination in Xi′an city

目的评价西安市地面水水环境现状以及揭示其污染成因。方法首先采用一维模糊信息分配方法对水环境质量进行评价,其次应用对应分析法对各断面的污染成因进行分析。结果西安市地面水水质总体为Ⅴ级,根据污染成因可分为2类:一类为渭河各断面、兴庆湖和护城河,主要污染物为石油类和氨氮,另一类为生化需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、挥发酚,并且石油类为西安市地面水各断面共同的污染物,每个断面都超过地面水的Ⅲ类标准,尤其在第一类中都超过Ⅴ类。结论西安市地面水污染状况十分严重,已完全丧失了供水能力,在治理上应根据污染成因,在不同的地域采用不同的措施。

Aim To evaluate water environment quality of Xi＇an city and reveal the cause of pollution. Methods Introducing the Fuzzy information diffusion method to evaluate the water environment quality of Xi＇an city, and using correspondence analysis to analyze the main pollution cause of sections. Results The water environment quality is Ⅴ grade, and according to the cause of pollution it may be dividec into two kinds, one includes Weihe, Xingqing lake and city Moat sections, and the main pollution index of which is ammoniated nitrogen; the other ineludes permanganate index, volatile phenol and chemical oxygen demand. At the same time the petroleum is the general pollution in water environment and all in excess of the Ⅲ criterion, especially in Weihe in excess of the Ⅴ criterion. Conclusion The water environment quality of Xi＇an city is very serious and it can＇t supply for the city any longer, the treatment should use different measures in different region based on the cause of pollution.