新疆和田河水资源利用与绿色走廊生态建设研究

Study on Water Resources Utilization and Ecological Environmental Building of Hetian River in Xinjiang

水是和田河绿色走廊形成与演变最重要的因素。虽然和田河径流量年际变化比较平稳,但年内径流量洪枯季节差异十分悬殊,人工调配水资源的难度较大。随着人类开发利用水资源规模扩大,水资源时空分布格局发生变化,中上游人工绿洲面积扩大,下游绿色走廊植被衰竭,土地荒漠化日趋严重,走廊生态环境持续恶化。文章分析了和田河水资源变化对下游绿色走廊兴衰的影响过程,提出了合理利用水资源、保护绿色走廊生态环境的对策建议。

The water resources is the most important factor in the formation and evolution of the green corridor of Hetian River, Although, there is little annual change of runoff in Hetian River, there is great difference on its runoff in its flood and dry seasons. It is difficult for people to adjust water resources, and it is also difficult to dispense resources. With people entending scale to exploit and use water resources, a lot of phenomena appeared, for instance, space- time structure for water resources changed;On upper and middle stream, the area of artificial oasis constantly entended; On lower stream, vegetative coverage of green corridor was shrinking gradually;The area of desert was enlarged quickly; Meanwhile, ecological environment of the corridor degenerated constantly. This essay analyzed that the variation of water resources of Hetian River influenced the green corridor on the lower stream, and made suggestions and application tactics for the reasonable utilization of water resources , orotecting ecological environment of the green corridor.