鸡GH基因内含子1MspⅠ位点多态性及其与生长及繁殖性状的相关性

Genetic Diversity at MspⅠSite within Intron 1 of GH Gene and Its Association with Growth and Reproductive Performance in Chickens

以泰和乌骨鸡等6个江西地方鸡种和罗曼蛋鸡等2个商业鸡种为试验材料,采用PCR-RFLP技术,对鸡生长激素基因内含子1MspⅠ位点多态性及其与生长、繁殖性状的相关性开展研究。结果表明:(1)产蛋性能较高的品种中以C基因为主,生长较快的品种中A基因频率和C基因频率较接近,其它品种则以A基因为主;地方鸡种均以A基因为主,而外来鸡种均以C基因为主。(2)泰和乌骨鸡和万载康乐黄鸡均表现为杂合型个体有较迟的开产日龄(P<0.05),产蛋数间均表现为差异不显著;在万载康乐黄鸡中,各基因型间开产蛋重表现为极显著差异(P<0.01)。(3)与体重的相关分析结果显示,在宁都三黄鸡中,该位点仅对其母鸡1月龄体重影响差异极显著(P<0.01),对公鸡及母鸡的其它各阶段影响均不显著(P>0.05);在万载康乐黄鸡中,8周龄体重表现为差异不显著(P>0.05),12、18周龄时表现为差异极显著(P<0.01)。(4)AA和BB型有较早的开产日龄,但在开产较早的鸡中并不是频率最大的基因型;在万载康乐黄鸡中,AB型有较大体重趋势,在宁都三黄鸡种中,以AA型有体重最大趋势,在生长较快的品种中它们也并不是频率最高的基因型。

Genetic diversity at Msp Ⅰ site within intron 1 of GH gene and its association with growth and reproductive traits were studied using 8 chicken populations with PCR-RFLP method in the present study. The results showed that allele C was predominant in egg-laying populations, while the frequencies of A and C were near in those fast-growing ones. Allele A was predominant in native populations, while allele C was predominat in foreign ones. Association analysis showed that heterozygous individuals had older age at first egg（P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference on egg numbers in Wanzai Kangle Yellow chickens and Taihe silkie. Significant difference was observed on the weight of first egg in Wanzai Kangle Yellow chickens. At the same time, Significant difference of body weight was also observed only at the age of 30 days （P 〈0.01） in Ningdu Yellow male chickens. In Wanzai Kangle Yellow chickens, significant different body-weight was observed at the age of 12 weeks and 18 weeks （P〈0.01） instead of the age of 8 weeks （P〉0.05）. The predominant genotypes （AA and BB） for the age the first egg did not have the highest frequency in those breeds which were younger at the first egg, while the predominant genotypes for growth, AB in Wanzai Kangle Yellow chickens and AA in Ningdu chickens , did not have the highest frequencies in those fast-growing breeds.