碱式氯化铜对肉仔鸡的生物学有效率、饲料中维生素E的氧化稳定性和生物安全性研究

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Copper Sulfate or Tribasic Copper Chloride on Broiler Performance,Relative Copper Bioavailability,and Oxidation Stability of Vitamin E in Feed

用分别添加150、3004、50 mg/kg铜的硫酸铜和碱式氯化铜的饲粮饲喂420只1日龄AA肉公雏,对照组为添加需要量水平铜(硫酸铜来源)的玉米-豆粕型饲粮,试验期21 d,测鸡血浆和肝脏中铜含量比较其生物学有效率;测不同存放期饲料中的维生素E含量,比较硫酸铜和碱式氯化铜对其氧化稳定性的影响;比较各周龄鸡生长性能看其生物安全性。碱式氯化铜生物学有效性优于硫酸铜,其相对于硫酸铜的生物学利用率(以硫酸铜的生物学利用率为100%计)分别为106.9%(以总铜分析值摄入量为自变量);108.4%(以总铜计算值摄入量为自变量);109%(以铜添加水平摄入量为自变量);碱式氯化铜处理组鸡的血浆和肝脏维生素E含量明显高于硫酸铜处理组(P<0.000 1),表明碱式氯化铜源饲料中维生素E的氧化稳定性明显优于硫酸铜源饲料;碱式氯化铜对肉仔鸡的生物安全性明显高于硫酸铜。碱式氯化铜可完全代替硫酸铜,在饲料工业中有广阔的应用前景。

An experiment was conducted using a total of 420 1-d-old Arbor Acres commercial male chicks to compare Cu sulfate and tribasic Cu chloride （TBCC） as sources of supplemental Cu for broilers. Chicks were randomly allotted to 1 of 7 treatments for 6 replicates of 10 birds each, and were fed the basal corn soybean meal diet （11.45 mg/kg Cu） supplemented with either 0, 150, 300, or 450 mg/kg Cu from Cu sulfate or TBCC for 21 d. Chicks fed 450 mg/kg Cu as Cu sulfate had lower （P〈0.01） average daily feed intake and average daily gain than those consuming other diets. Feeding supplemental Cu increased linearly （P〈0. 000 1） liver Cu concentrations regard less of Cu source. The slopes of regressions of log10 liver Cu on different independent variables used in regressions differ （P〈50.05） between the two Cu sources. Linear regression over nonzero dietary levels of log10 transformed liver Cu concentration on added Cu intake resulted in a slope ratio estimate of 109.0±3.4 （with a 95% confidence interval from 102.2 to 115.8）for bioavailability of Cu from TBCC compared to 100 for that in Cu sulfate. When the feeds were stored at room temperature for 10 days or 21 days, the vitamin E content in the feed fortified with 300 mg/kg Cu as TBCC was higher （P〈0.01） than that in the feed added with 300 mg/kg Cu as CuSO4. The vitamin E contents in liver and plasma of broilers given TBCC were also higher （P〈0.01） than those of birds fed Cu sulfate. The results from this study indicate that TBCC is a safer product and more available to broilers than Cu sulfate, and it is chemically less active than Cu sulfate in promoting the oxidation of vitamin E in feed.