影响军事五项运动成绩因素的理论框架

Conceptual framework of factors affecting performance of military pentathlon

目的:采用定性研究方法探讨影响军事五项运动成绩的因素.方法:对军事五项队的4名教练员和12名运动员进行结构访谈.3名研究者记录访谈内容,转录并分析定性资料.结果:影响军事五项运动成绩的主要因素包括心理因素(心理素质、情绪体验、心理技巧、智力、品性和比赛态度)、生理因素(运动训练、身体素质、伤病、天赋和年龄)、社会因素(教练员、其他人员以及社会期望)、环境因素(场地、气候、饮食、睡眠和时差)和综合因素(预案、比赛经验和运气).结论:影响军事五项运动成绩的因素是多方面的.了解影响成绩的可控和不可控的心理和非心理因素的本质是十分重要的.

AIM： To gain a better understanding of the factors affecting military pentathlon performance. METHODS： Four military pentathlon coaches and 12 athletes were interviewed using an in-depth, open-ended and structured approach. Three investigators recorded tapes, transcribed and analyzed the contents. RESULTS： Major factors perceived to have influenced the performance included psychological factors （ psychological qaality, mood, mental skill, intelligence, moral quality and attitude towards game）, physical factors （training, physical quality, injury, potentials at sport and age） , social factors （ coaches, support staff and social expectation）, environmental factors （ playing field, climate, housing, sleep and time difference） and integrated factors （plan of competitive preparation, experience of competition and luck ）. CONCLUSION： There were various positive and negative factors influencing the performance. It is essential to recognize the complex nature of the controllable and uncontrollable psychological and non-psychological factors that can influence the military pentathlon performance.