变形的经向环流变化方程及其在诊断阻塞高压形成中的应用

The Transformed Meridional Circulation Equation and Its Application to the Diagnostic Analysis of the Blocking High Formation

本文推导出可以用来讨论大尺度扰动强迫对平均经圈环流作用的变形平均经圈环流变化方程，并利用此方程对北半球冬季４次阻塞高压的形成进行了诊断分析。分析结果表明：由于波动对经圈环流的强迫作用，使高压脊的西部南风加强，而东部北风加强，从而有利于阻塞高压的形成。文中还分别分析了瞬变波及其低频瞬变波部分在阻塞高压形成中对经圈环流的强迫作用，并讨论了低频瞬变波强迫在太平洋和大西洋地区阻塞高压形成的地域差别。

The transformed time-mean meridional circulation equation which can be used to study the large-scale eddy forcing of the time mean meridional nows is derived and used to analyse diagnostically the four blocking formation cases during the Northern Hemisphere wintor seasons. It is shown that the eddy forcing of the meridional flows is in favour of initiating the blocking high. Both the transient wave forcing and the low-frequency wave forcing of the meridional flows during the blocking formation are studied, and the differences between the low-frequency wave forcing over the North Pacific and the North Atlantic are discussed.