两种采血流程对血源性传染病的检测

Two Different Procedures of Blood Donation in Volunteer Donors: A Comparative Study

目的探索减少血液报废率及更加适合采供血机构和基层连队官兵献血的工作模式。方法A组3 667名献血者,采用先采血后化验的方法采集血液;B组4 185名献血者采用静脉抽取血样本先初检,4h后采血的方法。结果A组共采血3 652袋,因初、复检不合格报废血液69袋;B组共采血并复检血液3 718单位;因复检不合格报废血液34袋;两种方法血液报废率分别为1.89%和0.91%,献血反应发生率分别为2.22%和3.98%;A组血液报废率高于B组(χ2=12.51,P<0.01);而B组的献血反应发生率高于A组(2χ=10.55,P<0.01)。结论先采血后化验的方法血液报废率虽然明显高于先初检后采血的方法,但献血反应率较低,且献血前等待时间短,可以适用于献血者为输血传染病低危人群的部队官兵。

OBJECTIVE To compare two different procedures of blood donation in volunteer donors, which lead to different discard rates of blood, different donation reaction rates and the satisfaction of the donor agency, so as to seek the better procedure bringing less discard of blood and more convenience for the military donor agency and blood center. METHODS In group A,3 667 donors blood was collected before the tests and retests for transfusion transmitted diseases（TTD） were done. While in group B, 4 185 donors were taken blood samples for pre-donation test. The blood collection was performed 4 hours later. RESULTS In group A,3 652 units of blood were collected, of which 69 units were discarded on account of positive results in test and retest. Meanwhile, in group B 3 718 units of blood were collected from the donors who passed the pre-donation test for TTD. As a result, 34 units of blood were discarded because of the positive results in retest. The discard rates of blood were 1.89 % and 0. 91 while the donation reaction rates were 2. 22% and 3.98%, respectively, in two procedures. The discard rates of blood in group A were higher than those in group B. But the donation reaction rate in group B was higher than that in group A. CONCLUSIONS The discard rate of blood in the procedure collecting before test is higher than that in the procedure testing before collection. But the donation reaction rate is low and the waiting period for donation is short in the former procedure, which is suitable for low TTD infections population of military agencies.