嘉兴市农村小学生伤害流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on Injury Among Rural Pupils in Jiaxing

目的了解农村小学生伤害发生原因及其流行病学特征,为预防农村小学生伤害的健康促进提供方向和指导依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,运用统一设计的调查问卷,对嘉兴市3 385名农村小学生进行伤害流行病学调查。结果嘉兴市农村小学生伤害发生率为24.38%,居前3位的是跌伤、动物咬伤、运动创伤,其发生率分别为31.2%,10.8%和9.6%。伤害发生原因有25种,居前3位是玩耍、运动、骑车,分别占19.2%,19.1%和11.2%;伤害程度中,中、重度伤占20.3%;平均每位学生每年因伤害支出的医疗费用为25.49元。结论嘉兴市农村小学生伤害发生是多因素的,要采取多部门合作的综合防治措施进行预防。

Objective Tostudy the causes and epidemiological characters of pupils＇ injury, and to provide direction and guidance for rural pupils＇ injury prevention. Methods With a self-designed questionnaire, a cluster sample of 3 385 rural pupils were investigated in Jiaxing. Results The general incidence of injury was 24.38 % for rural pupils in Jiaxing. The mainly types were falling（31.2% ）, animal biting（10.8 % ） anti sport wound（9.6% ）. There were 25 causes of injury, and the leading were disports（19.2% ）, sports（19.1% ） and bicycle riding（11.2% ）. Middle and severe injury accounted for 20.3 %. Per capita payment for treatment was 25.49 yuan annually.Conclusion The causes leading to pupils＇ injury are various, so it is neeessary to apply comprehensive measures to prevent injury.