双向路径重选的自组网负载均衡路由协议

A Bidirectional Path Re-Selection Based Load-Balanced Routing Protocol for Ad-Hoc Networks

基于跨层负载感知和双向路径重选的自组网负载均衡路由协议(CLBLR)在路由发现阶段和路由维护阶段,将整个路径中各节点MAC层的总平均估计时延和路径总业务流负载结合起来,共同作为路由选择和路由调整的重要依据,通过双向路径重选方法实现最优路径选择和网络业务流的均衡分布和均衡传输·协议通过禁止中间节点对路由请求进行应答和阻止不必要的路由请求分组,经由重负载中间节点转发,以保证路由发现时能够利用最新负载信息,并避免了节点在重负载情况下成为新建路由的中间节点,使协议具有一定的拥塞控制功能,以间接的方式实现了请求接纳控制·上述措施使分组传输路由很好地避免了拥塞节点,减少了网络瓶颈对网络性能的影响·仿真表明,CLBLR在分组丢失率、平均端到端时延和路由附加开销等方面具有良好性能,其优良的分布式控制特征能适应自组网的动态环境·

In order to select the best cost route and balance the traffic loads distributed in ad hoc networks, a cross-layer load-aware and bidirectional path re-selection based load-balanced routing （CLBLR） algorithm combines the total path average estimated delay with the total path traffic loads as the primary metric for route selection and route adjustment, and re-selects route bi-directionally during the route discovery as well as route maintenance periods. Besides, the protocol utilizes the updated load information during the route discovery period by forbidding the intermediate nodes to reply the route request packets and avoid the heavy load nodes to be the intermediate nodes of new routes by dropping the route request packets, which can endue the protocol with capability of congestion control and admission control. With the above properties, the protocol can bring down the congested nodes and bottlenecks in the networks, and improve the network performance. Simulation results show that the CLBLR results in good performance of packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay and routing overhead, exhibiting many attractive features of distributed control to adapt to the dynamic ad hoe networks.