离心式冷水机组的制冷剂选择

Refrigerants option for centrifugal chillers

描述冷水机组特别是大型机组最常用的替代制冷剂。总结了蒙特利尔议定书所制定的制冷剂淘汰时间表。对冷水机组(压缩式与吸收式)目前所使用的制冷剂进行探讨,包括大气寿命、ODP与GWP。概述了离心式冷水机组的最低能效标准。对主要的制冷剂进行科学评估。介绍了除R-123以外的其他替代制冷剂。研究表明,R-123作为目前离心式冷水机组应用最广泛的制冷剂,其ODP与GWP较低,且大气寿命短,放射率低,效率高。对中国而言R-123至少在未来的几十年内仍具有非常显著的环境和经济优势。

Examines the most commonly used refrigerant options for chillers specifically for the type used in large systems. Summarizes refrigerant phaseout schedule under the Momtreal Protocol. Tabulates and and discusses current refrigerant selection for chillers by compression type and for absorption absorption chillers. Presents and discusses atmospheric lifetime, ozone depletion potential （ODP）, and global warming potential （GWP） data for refrigerants. Outlines minimum efficiency standards for centrifugal chillers. Summarizes scientific assessments of leading refrigerants. Concludes that good altermatives exist for most chiller refrigerants other than R-123. Notes that R-123 has a favorable overall impact on the environment based on its low ODP, very low GWP, very short atmospheric lifetime, low emission rates, and very high efficiency. R-123 offers important envirnment and economic advantages for China for at least several more decades.