西双版纳自然保护区9种植被亚型象甲科多样性比较

Diversity comparisons of Curculionidae between 9 subtypes of vegetation in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve

2004年3–4月对西双版纳自然保护区季节性雨林、山地雨林、半常绿季雨林、落叶季雨林、石灰岩山季雨林、季风常绿阔叶林、暖温性落叶阔叶林、暖热性松林、热性竹林等9种植被亚型中象甲科昆虫多样性进行了研究。运用震落法采集标本853号,隶属于18亚科52属96种。跳象亚科个体数量最多,隐喙象亚科种类最丰富。季节性雨林和半常绿季雨林中不仅物种数最丰富,狭适种和稀有种也最多。暖温性落叶阔叶林及季节性雨林个体数量最丰富,落叶季雨林及半常绿季雨林最贫乏。9种植被亚型中象甲群落极不相似。季节性雨林和半常绿季雨林在生物多样性保护上具有重要地位,应予以优先考虑。

We studied the species diversity of Curculionidae in seasonal rain forest, mountain rain forest, semi-evergreen monsoon forest, deciduous monsoon forest, karst monsoon forest, monsoon evergreen broad-leaf forest, warm deciduous broad-leaf forest, warm pine forest, and hot bamboo forest in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve, Yunnan. A total of 853 weevils were captured by shaking-off collection, be- longing to 96 species, 52 genera, and 18 subfamilies. Among the subfamilies, Cryptorrhychinae, Otiorrhynchinae, Rhynchaeninae, Tychiinae, Curculioninae, Barinae, and Conoderinae contributed more than five species. Cryptorrhychinae, the most abundant subfamily, was represented by 21 species occupying 21.9% of the total. Rhynchaeninae, Curculioninae, Cryptorrhychinae, Otiorrhynchinae, Anthonomnae, Conoderinae, Barinae, Tychiinae, and Cioninae were represented by more than 10 weevil individuals, of which Rhynchaeninae had 394, comprising 46.2% of the total number. The greatest densities of individuals occurred in the warm deciduous broad-leaf forest and the seasonal rain forest, while relatively less occurred in the deciduous monsoon forest and the semi-evergreen monsoon forest. Every weevil community in the nine vegetation subtypes had its own stenoecious and rare species. Seasonal rain forest was the richest in stenoecious and rare species, while semi-evergreen monsoon forest ranked second. Considering species richness, seasonal rain forest was the richest, whereas warm deciduous broad-leaf forest was the poorest. The weevil communities in the nine vegetation subtypes are very dissimilar. More attention should be paid to seasonal rain forest and semi-evergreen monsoon forest for their important roles in biodiversity conservation.