残肢与接受腔的三维建模及力学分析

3D Modeling and Biomechanical Analysis to Residual Limb and Prosthetic Socket

目的:对残肢与接受腔进行三维重建及力学分析,寻求残肢与接受腔间生物力学交互作用,为假肢接受腔的设计提供科学依据。方法:利用CT扫描、图像处理和反求技术重构骨骼、皮肤及接受腔三维模型建立残肢与接受腔的有限元模型,进行有限元受力分析。结果:残肢的主要受力部位是膑韧带、后肌群、胫骨内凸、胫骨远端、腓骨头及腓骨远端;骨骼对力的传递作用显著。结论:残肢受力由穿戴受腔引起,通过骨骼从接受腔传递给软组织,通过改变接受腔形状可以改变残肢的受力分布,残肢与接受腔力学分析是假肢接受腔制定的前提和基础。

Objective： To provide a scientific basis for prosthetic socket design, and to find the biomechanical interaction between the residual limb and prosthetic socket, the idea of reconstructing the residual limb and prosthetic socket and performing mechanical analysis was proposed. Methods： Using CT scanning, image processing and reverse engineering techniques, the 3D models of the bones, skin and prosthetic socket were reconstructed, consequently the finite element model of the residual limb and prosthetic socket were developed. Results： The patellar tendon,posterior muscle group lateral femoral condyle of tibia crest, tibia end, fibular head and fibular end were pri marily stressed; The stresses passing from skeleton was remarkable. Conclusion： The stresses in the residual limb are caused by wearing prosthetic socket, and pass from prosthetic socket to the soft tissue through skeleton; the stress distribution in the residual limb can be changed by modifying the shape of the prosthetic socket.