水中他杀尸体鉴别的新方法

A New Way to Differential Diagnosis of Death Cause to Corpse in Water

目的评价电子计算机体层扫描（CT）对他杀后抛尸入水与意外溺死的法医学鉴别的诊断价值。方法24例新西兰兔进行随机分组后分别绞死、溺死，然后浸泡于充分去氟的自来水中，于各时间点进行电子计算机体层扫描（CT）。结果（1）模拟他杀后抛尸入水（绞死）组兔肺自溶与腐败的速度明显慢于作为对照组的溺死组；（2）溺死组兔肺肺野在早期呈现典型的磨砂玻璃状改变，透亮度均低于模拟他杀后抛尸入水（绞死）组，两组有极显著差异（P〈0．001）；（3）模拟他杀后抛尸入水（绞死）组兔肺渐进式消溶，呈破渔网样改变，溺死组兔肺腐败过程中存在明显肺实变，两组差异极显著（P〈0．001）；（4）模拟他杀后抛尸入水（绞死）组兔肺气肿于肺野内弥散分布（7／12），溺死组肺气肿出现在肺叶边缘（10／12）。结论电子计算机体层扫描（CT）有助于水中尸体死亡方式的鉴定，且无须对尸体进行有创性的剖验。

Objective To approach the valuation to appraise the death- cause diagnosis between drowning cavadcrs and corpses tossed in water by scanning of computed tomograghy. Methods Twenty- four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups （ 12 cases in each group）. One group was drowned, the other was garrotted. Then the corpses were dipped in fresh water. CT scanning was processed in every time point designed. Results The speed of autolysis and decay in drowning rabbits lungs was higher than that in garrotting group. Meanwhile, the luminance of drowning rabbits lungs which appeared grinding - glass - like change was lower than that in garrotting ones. There were thoroughly prominently differentia between two groups （ P 〈 0.001 ）. Pulmonary tissue transformed to be solid with decay of drowning rabbits while pulmonary tissue transformed to be evanescent with decay of garrotting rabbits which appeared ragged fishnet change, and the othemess between two groups was also marked （P 〈 0.001 ）. In addition, emphysema presented to the pulmonary margin of drowning rabbits （10/12）, but emphysema distrbufion was diffuse in the lung of garroting groups （7/12）. Conclusion CT is available way to appraising death method of corpse in water. Furthermore, it avoids wounded necropsy.