汽车用涡轮增压柴油机高原性能的研究

Research on Highland Performance of Turbo-charged Diesel Engine for Vehicle

针对高海拔地区特殊环境,分别在海拔20,2 200,3 800 m环境对涡轮增压柴油机进行了实地台架及道路试验,结果表明:随着海拔升高,涡轮增压柴油机的动力性、经济性、可靠性等指标都会恶化,但采取适当措施,可以明显减少恶化程度;把最大扭矩点置于增压器压气机最高效率区,而额定功率点效率应在66%左右,能够提高柴油机高原综合性能;提高压缩比和起动机功率是保证高原起动性能的有效办法。

Bench and road tests of turbo-charged diesd engine were carried out at altitude of 20,2 200,3 800 m according to special environment standard of high altitude. It was showed by results that power, economy and reliability of turbo-charged engine will get worse with the increase of altitude, but the degree of deterioration can be decreased greatly with good measures. The comprehensive performance of engine at high altitude can be improved if maximum torque point of engine is adjusted to maximum effciency zone of turbocharger and efficiency of rated power is regulated around 66%, and it is an effective method to guarantee performanee for start at high altitude with the increase of compression ratio of engine.