湖北、湖南、江西、浙江和安徽省石煤矿区居民附加剂量的估算

Estimating Additional Doses to Populations in Bone-coal Mining Areas of Five Provinces

大多数石煤含有较高天然放射性核素，石煤的开采和利用有可能使石煤矿区环境放射性水平升高，使居住或工作在碳化砖房的居民、上作人员和石煤矿工的年附加有效剂量增加。对湖北、湖南、江西、浙江和安徽5省石煤矿区居民年附加有效剂量的调查结果表明：碳化砖房居民、碳化砖房工作人员、露天矿工和矿井的工人的年附加有效剂量范围分别为0．51—11．9、0．12—3．54、0．11—1．7和8．2-71mSv，平均值分别为3．8、1．0、0．56和40mSv；部分碳化砖房居民的年附加有效剂量超过公众限值标准（1mSv），部分矿工的年附加有效剂量超过职业性照射年剂量限值（20mSv）；氡子体所致的年附加有效剂量约占总剂量的74％。

Investigations made in five provinces （Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Anhui） indicate that the additional annual effective doses to the populations are 0.51 - 11.9 mSv with an average of 3.8 mSv for inhabitants, 0.12- 3.54 mSv with an average of 1.0 mSv for workers, 0.11 - 1.7 mSv with an average of 0. 56 mSv for open-pit miners and 8.2 - 71 mSv with an average of 40 mSv for underground miners, respectively. The additional annual effective doses to a fraction of inhabitants are in excess of the public limits of 1 mSv, and those to the part of miners exceed the annual dose limit, 20 roSy, of occupational exposure. Radon progeny contributed about 74% the total dose.