远程学习者异步交互的行为方式和特点

The way and characteristics of distance learners' behavior in asynchronous interaction

异步交互方式是目前远程教学中应用相当广泛的一种教学交互的实现形式,由于远程教学中师生分离的特点以及异步交互的非实时性特点,学习者在利用这种交互形式进行远程学习时,能否实现预期的较高水平的交互效果以及这种交互模式下学习者的活动的方式和特点都应该引起我们的重视。本文以异步交互中的远程学习者为研究对象,以远程学习中的教学交互模型为理论基础,主要研究了远程学习者在异步交互中的主要活动方式,以及实现的教学交互的特点。文章通过访谈法、问卷法重点分析了异步交互活动中的“观望者”和“参与者”在远程学习过程中所实现的教学交互方式上的差异。最后指出,在异步交互中,远程学习者的参与形式和参与程度是影响教学交互的重要因素。作者希望本研究能够帮助读者进一步认识教学交互过程中学生行为的差异和特点。

Asynchronous interaction is a widely- used form to realize teaching interaction in current distance learning. Owing to the separation between teachers and students in distance learning, and the non- real time characteristics of asynchronous interaction, such things as whether the learners can re- alize the expected high level of interactive effect when they this kind of interaction in distance learning and what is the way and characteristics of learners' activities under such a kind of interactive format should arouse our attention. This article selects the distance learners who involved in asynchronous interaction as its re- searching object and takes the teaching interactive model as its theoretical basis. It makes a particu- lar study of the way for principal activities in asynchronous interaction and the characteristics of the teaching interaction. Through the method of interviews and questionnaires, the article focuses on analyzing the differ- ences in the way between the lurkers and the participants in asynchronous interactive activities in the process of distance learning to realize teaching interaction. It points out in the end that in asyn- chronous interaction, the way to participate and the degree for the learners to participate in distance learning are important factors to affect teaching interaction. The authors hope that their research find- ings may help readers to be further aware of the differences and characteristics of students' behavior in the process of teaching interaction.