RNA干扰及其技术的应用

RNAi and Its Application

RNA干扰(RNAi)是细胞内由双链RNA诱导降解与其配对的特定mRNA的过程。细胞内双链RNA在酶的作用下,形成20-25碱基大小的小干扰RNA(si RNAs),由si RNAs进一步掺入多组分核酸酶并使其激活,从而精确降解与si RNAs序列相同的mRNA,抑制该基因在细胞内的翻译表达。介绍了RNA干扰的分子机制、制备方法、以及RNA干扰技术在功能基因组学、微生物学、基因治疗和信号转导等研究领域里的应用。

RNA interfere（RNAi）is a process in which double-stranded RNA triggers the degradation of a homologous mRNA. The double-stranded RNA in cell is diced-up a class of 20-25 nucleotide-long RNA（siRNA）by the enzyme Dicer. The siRNA degrades its homologous mRNA to interfere with the gene expression by mixing with and activating multi-component nucleases. Here it introduces the mechanism of RNAi,its methods of preparation and its application on research fields, such as functional genomics, microbiology,gene therapy and signal transduction,etc.